Since our accession to the WTO, the textile industry is facing more intense competition and challenges, the traditional textile industry only actively absorb the latest scientific and technological achievements in different fields, interdisciplinary, in order to further enhance their sustainable development capacity and continue to grow the national economy to make more major contribution to change "Made in China" to "Created in China."

Nano-materials and nano-technology in the textile industry to demonstrate good prospects, mainly for the development of functional chemical fiber raw materials, functional textile products and functional additives, such as nano-antibacterial polyester filament yarn, staple fiber ; anti-ultraviolet and infrared fabric; antibacterial deodorant functional additives, coatings. This article details some nanomaterials or nanotechnology breakthrough in textile industry.

Special features Nano-fiber technology

Donghua University and other units from the assumed "special functional fibers and polymer nano products" project, after three years of joint research, breakthrough.

Research nanocomposite preparation and high stability functions and high dispersion of nano-powder surface treatment, preparation of polymer nano special functional resin, polymer nano-fiber and its special features and other products prepared from fibroblasts with a series of technical fiber industry chain, capturing the dispersed phase in nano-functional fiber-forming polymer matrix and uniform dispersion of nano-scale problems, the formation of a thermoplastic polymer particles and inorganic nano-functional, effective compound and complex one-dimensional morphology of the resin temperature, high pressure, high shear fine denier fibers and polypropylene matrix forming organic dispersed the control of key technology, the first to achieve the functionality, comfort and spinnability effective unity. Compared with micron technology, functional component of an amount up to 50% reduction, the replacement cycle spinning components extend from one week to four weeks, greatly improving the fibers rate, reducing equipment wear and tear and production costs, saving energy.

It has built 3000t / year of functional nano-composite resin processing production line, built with an annual output 10000t / year of functional fiber processing capacity of R & D and production base. Subject developed wicking function PP fiber and its products, antibacterial function PP and PET fibers, has successfully achieved industrialization in the enterprise according to the Shanghai Industrial Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Ferrer Jinxia Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd., the new value of 325 million yuan, the new profits totaled more than 7200 million, led the development of related upstream and downstream enterprises in the functional fibers on the core of the industry chain, resulting in a considerable number of jobs, to enhance the technical level of China's traditional chemical fiber industry and improve the quality of people's life role .

Nano ecological dyes

Nano is a new eco-dye dye, particle size less than 100nm, color fastness is very good, it is consistent with Oeko-TexStan-dardl00 requirements, researchers have a special dye to the concept of nano-ecology, nature, technology innovation and application made exposition. Dye has a very long history, Dye make textile colorful, brilliant. However, there are still the following Dye serious shortcomings: fabric dyed a lot of floating color, you must water, thereby generating a large number of wastewater; dyeing process length, equipment, large equipment investment; energy consumption, high costs, low profits; color fastness low, most of the products reach the requirements of ecological textiles.

Paint dyeing wastewater problem solved, no wastewater discharge dyeing process. But there are still coating printing two drawbacks:

1. The color fastness is low, especially washing fastness, wet, dry grinding the poor color fastness, product quality is difficult to meet export requirements;

2. feel bad, if two-bath finishing touch can be improved, but the cost increase. "Nano ecological dyes" can solve the above problems printing and dye printing coating is present. Thus creating a new era of dyeing process, nano-ecology dye has not been reported. Nano meaning refers to the dye using nano technology manufacturing, its three-dimensional product particles are less than 100nm. Ordinary dye particle size less than 175μm. Nano ecological dyes adhesive composition, and thus the color fastness is very good. Its ecological meaning is dye itself, the dyeing process and dyeing products meet ecological requirements. Because of the special nanostructure of the dye, and thus bring about a series of excellent performance: excellent color fastness, ecological performance, good process performance, a variety of fiber non-selective, provides a broad market for the product applications for the use of nanotechnology transformation of traditional printing and dyeing industry to provide a strong technical support.

Nano-coating ink

Jiangnan University Nano pigment and digital inkjet printing house research and development center group led by Professor wide-Jun, after several years of research, successfully developed digital inkjet office printing, digital inkjet textile printing and dyeing textile printing inks and processing of nano-coating can be used, and put into mass production.

Textile digital inkjet printing technology is a set of information, computer image processing and new materials equal to one of the new printing technology, inkjet printing technology is an extension of the office in the textile sector. The technology can not do without ink, dye ink currently used light fastness is poor, long production cycle, environmental pollution, does not have universal, a serious impediment to the promotion of the ink-jet printing technology. Jiangnan University has independently developed a particle size in 50 ~ 150nm yellow, magenta, light magenta, cyan, light cyan and black six-color ink, dye ink to overcome these deficiencies, with good printing performance, can be printed cotton, silk, polyester and various multi-component fiber fabric, printed fabric patterns and bright color, good fastness, soft fabric.

Nano-coating ink can also be applied to textile dyeing and printing process, compared with the traditional method of reducing the amount of the same color dye and soft, can greatly reduce costs, improve product competitiveness.

Nano-coating special printing

Paint dyeing process due to a simple process, dither accurate, without washing, etc., are widely used in the dyeing process abroad, the proportion of over 50%.

Nano coating special printing, pigment paste is added in 0.3% nanometer silicon oxide, can improve the performance of the original paste, get good results, including a thixotropic paste having a good network and good permeability, increasing the ink film strength, flexibility, abrasion resistance and water resistance, thus improving the color fastness, and improves the clarity and transparency of the printed pattern.

Large play this nanoscale silicon oxide is added to improve performance for the less developed significant role pigment printing, at home and abroad still further groping.

Epilogue

Nanotechnology also exist a series of problems, such as the means of nanomaterials is not mature, there may be a security risk and so on. The load on the fabric TiO2 required baking temperature above 200 ℃ before transition to a higher catalytic activity anatase crystal form, and will greatly reduce the high temperature mechanical properties of textiles. Hong Kong Polytechnic University and Donghua University has launched a study on this, and at low temperature (about 100 ℃) under the cotton fabric successfully prepared nano anatase TiO2. In addition, the load on the textile nano-ZnO and TiO2 after UV irradiation, the decomposition of dirt, to kill bacteria will also degrade the fiber, resulting fabric strength and other physical and mechanical properties deteriorate. Foreign researchers photocatalyst covered with a layer of inert porous membrane or the use of inorganic materials barrier fabric pretreatment.

Whether international or domestic, applications, and biological safety of nanotechnology are just beginning, it is an international scientific frontier, is also an important social issues related to human health and life are closely related, full of scientific innovation opportunities.